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Original Article

Crop Guard: A Smart Irrigation System with Integrated Nutrient Deficiency Detection

Sneh Lata Singh1 Ridhima Dixit2 Sandhya Arya3 Ankita Pandey4 Minakshi Gupta5 Shobhna Sagar6
1 Assistant professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Institute of Technology, Tanakpur, Champawat, Uttarakhand, India. 2 3 4 5 6 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Institute of Technology, Tanakpur, Champawat, Uttarakhand, India.

Published Online: September-December 2025

Pages: 282-291

References

1. Elijah, O., Rahman, T. A., Orikumhi, I., Leow, C. Y., & Hindia, M. N. (2018). "An Overview of Internet of Things (IoT) and Data Analytics
in Agriculture: Benefits and Challenges." IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 5(5), 3758-3773.
2. Zhang, L., Wang, X., & Chen, Y. (2019). "Smart Irrigation System Based on IoT Technology for Water Resource Optimization." Journal
of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, 14(2), 56-67.
3. Singh, R., Gupta, A., & Verma, K. (2022). "Nutrient Deficiency Detection in Plants Using Convolutional Neural Networks." Computers and
Electronics in Agriculture, 194, 106731.
4. Gondchawar, N., & Kawitkar, R. S. (2016). "IoT Based Smart Agriculture." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and
Communication Engineering, 5(6), 838-842.
5. Sharma, H., Kumar, S., & Patel, A. (2021). "IoT-Enabled Smart Agriculture: A Framework for Water and Crop Health.Management."
Advances in Computer Science and IoT Applications, 9(4), 56-78.
6. Patel, R., Mehta, P., & Sharma, J. (2021). "Image Processing Techniques for Early Detection of Crop Nutrient Deficiencies." Artificial
Intelligence in Agriculture, 5(1), 45-57.
7. Sun, J., Liu, Y., & Xu, W. (2021). "Machine Learning Applications in Precision Agriculture: A Review." Journal of Smart Farming
Technology, 6(3), 78-92.
8. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). (2021). "The State of Food and Agriculture." United Nations FAO Reports.
9. Ramesh, P., Jadhav, P., & Sinha, R. (2019). "Support Vector Machines for Plant Health Monitoring in Precision Agriculture." Journal of
Computational Intelligence in Agriculture, 8(4), 34-47.
10. Gupta, D., Chaturvedi, S., & Kumar, V. (2022). "Deep Learning for Nutrient Deficiency Detection in Crops Using Leaf Images."
11. IEEE Transactions on Computational Agriculture, 3(2), 89-101
12. Rane, M., Shinde, N., & Kulkarni, P. (2018). "A Comparative Study of Irrigation Methods and Their Water Efficiency." International Journal
of Water Resource Management, 3(2), 112- 123..
13. Kamble, K., Raut, R., & Dhume, S. (2019). "Smart Irrigation Systems and Their Role in Water Conservation: A Review." Environmental
Science and Engineering, 214, 145-159.Singh, P., & Misra, A. (2020). "Automated Drip Irrigation Systems: Advances, Challenges, and
Future Prospects." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Technology, 7(2), 25-39.
14. Sharma, H., Kumar, S., & Patel, A. (2021). "IoT-Enabled Smart Agriculture: A Framework for Water and Crop Health Management."
Advances in Computer Science and IoT Applications, 9(4), 56-78.
15. Sharma, H., Kumar, S., & Patel, A. (2021). "IoT-Enabled Smart Agriculture: A Framework for Water and Crop Health Management."
Advances in Computer Science and IoT Applications, 9(4), 56-78.
16. Patel, A., Mehta, P., & Sharma, J. (2021). "Development of Cross-Platform Agricultural Mobile Applications Using Flutter." International
Journal of Software Engineering Research, 8(2), 45- 60.
17. Kumar, V., & Gupta, D. (2022). "IoT-Based Agricultural Systems: Implementation of Django and FastAPI for Backend Infrastructure."
IEEE Transactions on Computational Agriculture, 4(1), 112-125.
18. Zhang, L., Wang, X., & Chen, Y. (2020).

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