ARCHIVES

1. T. -L. Zhu and T. -H. Chen, "A Patient-Centric Key Management Protocol for Healthcare Information System based on Blockchain," 2021 IEEE Conference on Dependable and Secure Computing (DSC), Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima, Japan, 2021, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/DSC49826.2021.9346259. keywords: {Privacy; Protocols; Insurance; Medical services; Blockchain; Cryptography; Information systems; block chain; elliptic curve digital signature algorithm; personal healthcare record; key management; patients' privacy},
2. P. Verma, V. Tripathi and B. Pant, "ZeroMedChain: Layer 2 Security and Zero-knowledge Proof Integration for Decentralized Identity and Access Management in Healthcare," 2024 11th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom), New Delhi, India, 2024, pp. 1023-1027, doi: 10.23919/INDIACom61295.2024.10498190. keywords: {Access control;Privacy;Standards organizations;Medical services;Organizations;Media;Proof of Work;Patients;Privacy;Data Security;Zero-Knowledge Proof;Layer 2 security},
3. C. -N. Yang, P. Li, H. -H. Cheng, H. -C. Kuo, M. -C. Lu and L. Xiong, "A Security Model of Multihospital FHIR Database Authorization Based on Secret Sharing and Blockchain," in IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 10325-10335, 15 March15, 2024,doi:10.1109/JIOT.2023.3328989.keywords:{Blockchains;Additives;Databases;Hospitals;Cryptography;Interoperability;Authorization;Blockchain;discrete logarithm problem (DLP);fast healthcare interoperability resources (FHIRs);Lagrange interpolation (LI);secret sharing (SS)},
4. G. Al-Sumaidaee, R. Alkhudary, Z. Zilic and A. Swidan, "An Evaluation Framework for Assessing IPFS Performance within a Blockchain-Based Healthcare System," 2023 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain), Danzhou, China, 2023, pp. 100-104, doi: 10.1109/Blockchain60715.2023.00025. keywords: {Medical services; Metadata; Decentralized applications; Block chains; Inter Planetary File System; Servers; Blockchain; Distributed storage system; IPFS; Healthcare},
5. N. Arora, M. R. Mishra, V. Goswami, J. Chakraborty, L. Barik and S. S. Patra, "Blockchain based Qinsurancechain: Role of Smart Contracts in Fast and Secure Healthcare Insurance Claim," 2022 3rd International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), Coimbatore, India, 2022, pp. 635-641, doi: 10.1109/ICESC54411.2022.9885531. keywords: {Industries;Privacy;Smart contracts;Insurance;Mathematical models;Time measurement;Blockchains;Blockchain;Bitcoin;Contracts;He alth Insurance;Medical Insurance},
6. B. Shrimali, S. Surati and H. Trivedi, "MediBlock: A Blockchain-based Architecture for Secure Healthcare System," 2023 International Conference on Advancement in Computation & Computer Technologies (InCACCT), Gharuan, India, 2023, pp. 750-755, doi: 10.1109/InCACCT57535.2023.10141848. keywords: {Data privacy;Profitability;Supplychains;Insurance;Medical services; Companies; Blockchains; Blockchain Technology;Healthcare;Decentralization;Security;Reliability ; Transparency;Immutability;smart contract},
7. M. Saddam and M. Ilyas, "Processing Health Insurance Claims Based on Blockchain Technology," 2022 2nd International Conference on Computing and Machine Intelligence (ICMI), Istanbul, Turkey, 2022, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/ICMI55296.2022.9873646. keywords: {Industries;Hospitals;Insurance;Blockchains;Fraud;Security; Bioinformatics;blockchain;hospitals;insurance claim;insurance company;patient},
8. D. Saveetha and G. Maragatham, "A Decentralized Blockchain based system for Secure Health Record and Claims processing," 2022 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI), Coimbatore, India, 2022, pp. 1-8, doi: 10.1109/ICCCI54379.2022.9740838. keywords: {Patient monitoring; Hospitals; Supply chains; Government; Insurance; Finance; Encoding; Block chain ;insurance; Health record; smart contract; ganache},
9. M. A. Amin, R. Shah, H. Tummala and I. Ray, "Utilizing Blockchain and Smart Contracts for Enhanced Fraud Prevention and Minimization in Health Insurance through Multi-Signature Claim Processing," 2024 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Networks and Computer Communications (ETNCC), Windhoek, Namibia, 2024, pp. 1-9, doi: 10.1109/ETNCC63262.2024.10767491. keywords: {Costs; Prevention andmitigation; Smart contracts;Insurance;Phantoms;Medical services;Companies;Minimization;Fraud;Blockchains;Insura nce Frauds;False Claims;Insurance Companies;Premiums;Providers;Patients;Blockchain;Smart Contracts},
10. M. A. Amin, R. Shah, H. Tummala and I. Ray, "Utilizing Blockchain and Smart Contracts for Enhanced Fraud Prevention and Minimization in Health Insurance through Multi-Signature Claim Processing," 2024 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Networks and Computer Communications (ETNCC), Windhoek, Namibia, 2024, pp. 1-9, doi: 10.1109/ETNCC63262.2024.10767491. keywords: {Costs;Prevention and mitigation;Smart contracts;Insurance;Phantoms;Medical services;Companies;Minimization;Fraud;Blockchains;Insura nceFrauds;False Claims;Insurance Companies;Premiums;Providers;Patients;Blockchain;Smart Contracts},
11. S. Nakamoto, “Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System,” 2008. [Online]. Available: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf
12. G. Wood, “Ethereum: A secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger,” Ethereum Project Yellow Paper, 2014.
13. V. Buterin, “A rollup-centric Ethereum roadmap,” Ethereum Foundation Blog, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/scaling/rollups/
14. M. Baliga, “Understanding Blockchain Consensus Models,” Persistent Systems Ltd., 2017.
15. D. Reed, M. Sporny, D. Longley, et al., “Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) v1.0,” W3C Recommendation, Jul. 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.w3.org/TR/did-core/
16. Veramo, “Veramo Documentation,” Veramo Project, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://veramo.io
17. M. Sporny, D. Longley, D. Chadwick, et al., “Verifiable Credentials Data Model 1.1,” W3C Recommendation, Mar. 2022.[Online]. Available: https://www.w3.org/TR/vc-data-model/
18. L. Hardman et al., “Blockchain-based Decentralized Identity: A Comprehensive Survey,” ACM Comput. Surv., vol. 55, no. 5, pp. 1–37, 2023.
19. IPFS Team, “InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) – Content Addressed, Versioned, P2P File System,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://ipfs.io
20. Beekeeper Labs, “Secure Document Hashing and Storage for Health Applications,” Technical Whitepaper, 2021.
21. MetaMask, “MetaMask Developer Documentation,” 2023. [Online]. Available: https://docs.metamask.io
22. A. Antonopoulos and G. Wood, Mastering Ethereum: Building Smart Contracts and DApps. O'Reilly Media, 2018.
23. P. Ramesh and A. Sharma, “Role of Decentralized Identity in Public Healthcare Ecosystems,” Blockchain in Healthcare Today, vol. 5, no. 1, 2022.
24. “Protecting healthcare privacy: Analysis of data protection developments in India” by Paarth Naithani Published in Indian Journal of Medical Ethics (Dec 2023), this article critiques the DPDP Act, assesses the need for health-specific protections, and analyzes the role of consent and confidentiality.
25. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, “National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) Framework,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://ndhm.gov.in
26. NITI Aayog, “Blockchain: The India Strategy – Discussion Paper Part 1,” Govt. of India, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://niti.gov.in
27. ResearchGate: “A case study on Scams in the insurance sector in India” A recent study highlighting forms of fraud such as agent fraud, identity theft, and staged accidents—relevant to health insurance misuse in India
28. S. Shouri and R. Ramezani, “A Blockchain-Based Health Insurance Model Enhanced with Quadratic Voting,” in Proc. 2025 IEEE World Congress on Services (SERVICES), IEEE, pp. 168–175, 2025. doi: 10.1109/SERVICES57892.2025.00032.
29. Shruthi, S., U. Sai Lakshmi, B. Sravani, and C. S. V. R. Satya, “A Blockchain-Based System for Secure and Transparent Healthcare Insurance Claim Authentication,” in Proc. 7th International Conference on Inventive Computation Technologies (ICICT), IEEE, Coimbatore, India, Jan. 2025, pp. 1–7. Doi: 10.1109/ICICT58621.2025.00047.